Mirror of Justice

A blog dedicated to the development of Catholic legal theory.
Affiliated with the Program on Church, State & Society at Notre Dame Law School.

Thursday, July 20, 2006

The Warehouse State

Here is a disturbing vision of the paternalistic welfare state becoming the laissez-faire warehouse state.  Seattle operates a housing facility for hard-core, homeless alcoholics.  It's entirely taxpayer-funded, and residents can drink as much as they want to:

Each [resident] had been a street drunk for several years and had failed in at least six attempts at sobriety. In a controversial acknowledgment of their addiction, the residents - 70 men and 5 women - can drink in their rooms. They do not have to promise to drink less, attend Alcoholics Anonymous meetings or go to church.

In 2003, the public spent $50,000, on average, for each of 40 homeless alcoholics found most often at the jail, the sobering center and the public Harborview Medical Center, said Amnon Shoenfeld, director of King County's division of mental health and chemical abuse. . . . the annual cost for each new resident of [the new facility is expected to] be $13,000, or a total of $950,000.

The mindset of this program strikes me as wildly inconsistent with human dignity, providing a stark reminder of the distinction between individual autonomy and human flourishing.  Basically we're warehousing alcoholics, content to let them suffer and die with their disease, in order to lessen the burden on the taxpayer.  Are folks who are leery of the state funding faith-based personal transformation more excited about this as an alternative?

Rob

UPDATE:  Incoming St. Thomas law student Abby Johnson has a different reaction:

I wonder whether programs that put stipulations on care are really the most humane way of addressing these issues. Let's say Joe has tried 10 times to give up alcohol and failed every time. He's homeless, sleeping on grates and scavenging food where he can, he has liver cancer and diabetes, and he's weeks from dying. Treatment programs are out for him, since he has provided no indications that he's really willing/able to kick his addiction. What's the better course of action for him, to give him a roof over his head for a short time along with some medical care, or to let him live out the rest of his days on the streets until he succumbs to his diseases?

Tuesday, July 18, 2006

Wal-Mart Gets Religion

Wal-Mart has hired a former nun as director of stakeholder engagement, charged with steering the company's policies on labor relations, the environment, and health care.  Can we expect the Compendium to be required reading for the board of directors?

Rob

Monday, July 17, 2006

Our Sacramental Constitution

U.S. Rep. Emanuel Cleaver, an ordained United Methodist minister, says that the effort to pass a constitutional amendment to ban same-sex marriage is "sinfully divisive."  (HT: Religion Clause)  He offers some interesting logic (reg. req'd):

"Marriage is a spiritual issue," said Cleaver, a Democrat. "That's not for the Congress to dictate, no more than it's appropriate for Congress to dictate how much bread should be used in communion. Communion is a sacrament. Marriage is a sacrament. Why not just put all the sacraments in the Constitution?"

Someone probably should alert Rep. Cleaver that our laws already say a thing or two about marriage, which makes his link to other sacraments just a bit attenuated.  (Though if we're headed in this direction, I'm all in favor of laws banning certain worship music.)

Another gem from Rep. Cleaver: "It's bad theology because there is nothing biblical about creating divisions between people."  So divisions between people are unbiblical?  Do the sheep and the goats ring a bell?  At a minimum, he needs to spend an evening reading Rick's latest.

I'm not a fan of the amendment, but this is plain crazy talk.

Rob

Marty on Scripture in Politics

Martin Marty challenges the literalism of self-proclaimed biblical literalists on the religious right.  He makes a good point overall, but using Tom DeLay as the leading example of conservatives pulling scripture out of context seems one step removed from a straw man argument.

Rob

Friday, July 14, 2006

Vatican Condemns Israeli Offensive

According to Vatican Secretary of State Cardinal Angelo Sodano, 

"[T]he Holy See deplores right now the attack on Lebanon, a free and sovereign nation, and assures its closeness to these people who already have suffered so much to defend their independence."

The Reuters account is here.

Rob

Same-sex marriage developments

The Eighth Circuit has reversed a district court's ruling that Nebraska's constitutional amendment banning same-sex marriage violates equal protection.

A Connecticut state court has ruled that the state's civil union law does not violate equal protection to the extent that it deprives same-sex couples of the right to marry.

The Tennessee Supreme Court has ruled that a constitutional amendment banning same-sex marriage properly belongs on the ballot this fall.

Rob

Thursday, July 13, 2006

The Great Indoors

Anthony Sacramone resists the call to embrace the great outdoors and simple, country living:

Christians are again becoming suckers for this type of plea. All right, it’s not the apogee of spirituality to log on and buy the latest iteration of an iPod or an iMac or an eyesore of a Hummer. And yes, it’s probably wise to limit your daily consumption of pesticides to roughly half your bodyweight. I’ll grant you that kids are probably spending ’way too much time wide-eyed in front of the flat panel ogling yet another edition of Grand Theft Auto or the director’s cut of Girls Gone Wild 13—Logical Positivists Stripped Bare. It also couldn’t hurt to be able to distinguish between one type of tree and another type of tree, if just to make a more detailed report for the police when you drive into one while talking on your cell.

But surely the Scriptures teach that the New Jerusalem will be a city—not a town, a village, or a set of mud huts. And, meanwhile, the City of Man is not Hicksville. It’s the Big Apple, where a “piebald Parliament, an Anarchasis Cloots congress of all kinds of that multiform pilgrim species, man” (to quote Melville) congregates, to buy and sell, to breed and forego breeding, to invent a new mouse trap and spit in the street. The city is where natural law, lawlessness, and the Sword of the Spirit do battle on their Broadways; where multiple cultures jostle for breathing room in the same cathedrals; and where cultural barbarities do us all the favor of advertising the Fall without our having to read about all those “begats” once again.

This may not enter the pantheon of new urbanist thought, but it is quite funny.  Read the rest here.

Rob

UPDATE: For a different (but not necessarily conflicting) view, you may want to check out this interview with neo-agrarian David Goetz and a review of his new book, Death By Suburb:

Because suburban life so privileges the self—its instant gratification, its desire for greener pastures always over the next fence, its search for ease and comfort—the Christian life aimed at crucifying the old man of sin is handicapped, perhaps fatally. Goetz recognizes that the principle of self-love at work in suburbia manipulates Christian desires and offers the illusion of spirituality and religion as just one more product to be acquired.

Teaching v. Scholarship

Stuart Buck explores the relationship between teaching and scholarship:

You occasionally come across the argument that academia rewards scholarship too much, to the possible detriment of students. That is, academia fails to reward good teaching to the extent that it rewards brilliant scholarship. The response is usually something like this: Scholarship and teaching are not at odds with each other. Instead, if professors are deeply involved in producing the most current scholarship, they will be all the better at teaching their students. . . .

I suspect that the more important relationship between teaching and scholarship is the other way around. That is, what's really going on is that the act of preparing for and teaching a class improves a professor's ability to produce thoughtful scholarship.

To a certain extent, I agree with Buck.  (Larry Solum responds to Buck here.)  Producing a high-quality article on causation requirements in mass toxic exposure cases will tend to enhance noticeably only my teaching of that particular topic in the Torts course, but teaching the entire Torts course will give me the necessary background to understand mass toxic exposure cases in light of the function and purposes of Tort law in general. 

However, for those of us engaged in the scholarly exploration of Catholic legal theory, the dynamic may be different.  Most of us don't even teach a course on Catholic social thought (much less Catholic legal theory), so there would seem to be a complete disconnect between our scholarship and teaching on this front.  But the Catholic legal theory project, as I understand it, is devoted to articulating a just vision of modern society in light of the authentic nature of the human person.  This impacts every course in the law school curriculum.  So while I do not devote a particular class session of Torts to the topic of subsidiarity, my work on subsidiarity informs my understanding of a just society, which will come across in my teaching of Torts.  (E.g., charitable immunity, parental liability, principles of agency, etc.)  And it's a two-way street: if my work on subsidiarity is based only on papal encyclicals, it will lack the breadth and depth made possible by integrating my knowledge of the legal order acquired through teaching a foundational course like Torts.

So given our focus on the ultimate questions of existence (and law), perhaps the Catholic legal theorists can embody an ideal symbiosis between teaching and scholarship? 

Rob

Free Speech Fiasco

Yale law prof Stephen Carter opines on student free speech rights and government efforts to "draw fine distinctions between who can bear offense and who cannot."

Rob

Tuesday, July 11, 2006

Are Same-Sex Couples More Stable?

Minnesota law prof Dale Carpenter offers interesting commentary on last week's ruling by the New York Court of Appeals on same-sex marriage.  In its rational basis review, the court ruled that "the Legislature could rationally decide that, for the welfare of children, it is more important to promote stability, and to avoid instability, in opposite-sex than in same-sex relationships.”  Carpenter explains:

Children need permanence and stability in their lives. Yet the heterosexual relationships that produce them, said the court, “are all too often casual or temporary.” Homosexual couples do not become parents by “accident or impulse”; they must plan ahead and obtain children through adoption, artificial insemination, or some other “technological marvels.” Unstable relationships among heterosexuals therefore “present a greater danger that children will be born into or grow up in unstable homes than is the case with same-sex couples.”

Note the irony of this argument. For decades, homosexual life has been medicalized and pathologized by doctors, sexologists, psychiatrists, and politicians. Only 33 years ago, homosexual orientation was still officially a “disorder.” Gays, especially gay men, were denounced as hopelessly promiscuous, unstable, histrionic, and self-absorbed. Above all, this medico-political consensus held, homosexuals were dangerous to children and should be kept away from them. From the outset of the gay-marriage movement, a vocal opposition argued that the supposedly innate instability of homosexual relationships disqualified them from marriage.

Now, in the most important judicial decision yet rejecting a claim for gay marriage, we are told that gay couples may be kept from marriage not because they are unstable, but because heterosexual couples are unstable.

Rob